Beyond glycemic control: Homoeopathic perspectives in type 2 diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic β-cell function and persistent hyperglycaemia. It is associated with several complications affecting multiple organ systems. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic assessment and complications of T2DM, along with conventional management and homoeopathic therapeutic perspectives. It also explores medicines traditionally described in homoeopathic Materia Medica for diabetic symptoms. The review aims to provide an integrated understanding of T2DM while highlighting the need for further clinical research to establish the effectiveness and safety of homoeopathic interventions.