Tazkiyah Al-Nafs as an Approach to the Spiritual Recovery of Children Affected by Toxic Parenting

This study aims to analyze the application of Tazkiyah Al-Nafs (purification of the soul) as a spiritual recovery approach for children affected by toxic parenting, and to identify changes in the children's spiritual, emotional, and religious behaviors following guidance based on Islamic educational values. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method at SDN 1 Tente. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving students, Islamic Religious Education teachers, homeroom teachers, and relevant stakeholders. Data analysis was conducted interactively through stages of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was reinforced through source and technique triangulation. The study focuses on the children's experiences in dealing with parenting patterns that potentially hinder spiritual development, as well as the recovery process through Tazkiyah Al-Nafs practices. Tazkiyah Al-Nafs serves as a relevant approach to help children rebuild self-awareness, emotional control, self-confidence, closeness to Allah, and motivation to perform acts of worship. This approach is implemented through self-reflection (muhasabah), emotional management, the inculcation of Tawhid (monotheism) values, the habituation of worship, character strengthening, and compassionate guidance. Spiritual recovery is understood not merely as an increase in religious activities, but also as a process of building the child's resilience in facing parenting-related pressures. The originality of this research lies in the integration of the Tazkiyah Al-Nafs concept with the spiritual recovery of children affected by toxic parenting within the context of primary education. This study offers an Islamic education perspective that positions the purification of the soul, spiritual strengthening, and humanistic guidance as a unified recovery process. Thus, the research provides a conceptual foundation for developing Islamic Religious Education practices that are more responsive to the spiritual and psychosocial needs of children in primary school settings.