Implementation of The Smart Environment Concept in Waste Bank-Based Waste Management in The Mandalika SEZ: A Narrative Literature Review and Prescriptive Conceptual Model

The Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has experienced rapid growth driven by tourism and international sporting events, leading to a surge in waste generation. This article synthesizes literature from 2016 to 2026 on applying the Smart Environment concept to waste bank-based management and, on that basis, proposes a prescriptive conceptual model for Mandalika; it does not evaluate the effectiveness of any program already in operation. A narrative review of 17 documents (16 journal or proceedings articles and one preprint) reveals four key findings: (1) smart environment integrates digital technology with community participation; (2) waste banks offer economic and environmental benefits, though success depends on public knowledge, social norms, and operator capacity; (3) Mandalika’s waste, according to one field measurement and to secondary media and program reports kept outside the review corpus, is dominated by organic matter, with sharp volume spikes during major events; and (4) empirical data on the Putri Nyale Waste Bank remain limited to descriptive accounts. Consequently, this study proposes a prescriptive model combining waste banks for inorganic waste, composting or biodigestion for organic waste, and a layered digital architecture that links waste bank records, waste-generation monitoring, SEZ management dashboards, and the Go Mandalika tourism platform, supported by youth environmental cadres. The model has not been empirically validated.