Automated Real-Time Smart Trash Bin Monitoring System Design using IoT Technology with Ultrasonic Sensing and Web-Based Dashboard Integration

Inefficient solid waste management frequently leads to environmental and public health concerns, particularly when collection delays result in overflowing bins. This study presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT) Automated Smart Waste Bin system, integrating HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors and a web based monitoring dashboard. The system autonomously operates bin lids through servo motor actuation upon user proximity detection, while concurrently monitoring fill levels in real time. The Prototyping model was adopted as the development methodology. Core hardware includes an ESP32 microcontroller as the central computation and data transmission unit, dual ultrasonic sensors for organic and non organic waste level measurement, and RGB LED status indicators. The software stack comprises a React.js frontend, a Flask (Python) backend providing REST API services, and Supabase as the cloud database management platform. Telegram Bot integration delivers automated threshold triggered alerts to sanitation personnel when bin capacity reaches critical levels. Experimental validation confirms that all core functionalities performed reliably, offering a scalable, cost effective solution for automated waste management in residential and institutional environments.