Evaluasi Efisiensi dan Keandalan Sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Panas Bumi (PLTP) Sebelum dan Sesudah Turn Around pada Critical Equipment dengan Kajian Ekonomi

Geothermal Power Plants provide reliable baseload electricity and are essential for supporting Indonesia’s renewable energy transition. However, long-term operation may cause performance degradation of critical equipment, resulting in reduced efficiency, reliability, and productivity. This study evaluates the impact of Turn Around (TA) maintenance on the efficiency, reliability, and economic performance of Kamojang Unit 4 Geothermal Power Plant with an installed capacity of 60 MW. A quantitative comparative approach was employed using actual operational data collected before and after Turn Around implementation. The evaluated parameters included output power, turbine efficiency, condenser performance, cooling tower effectiveness, Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF), Mean Time To Repair (MTTR), Equivalent Availability Factor (EAF), Equivalent Forced Outage Rate (EFOR), energy production, Capacity Factor, Cost of Downtime, and revenue. The results show that output power increased from 53.44 MW to 59.19 MW (10.76%), while turbine efficiency improved from 71.59% to 78.51%. Cooling tower effectiveness increased from 61.52% to 82.78%. Reliability performance also improved significantly, with MTBF increasing by 135.78%, MTTR decreasing by 75.17%, EAF increasing from 95.97% to 99.84%, and EFOR decreasing from 3.15% to 0.28%. These improvements resulted in an 8.52% increase in net energy production, additional revenue of IDR 61.69 billion, and a 90.94% reduction in Cost of Downtime.