Taxonomic revision of the Ligularia fischeri complex (Asteraceae) in Korea

A taxonomic revision of the Ligularia fischeri complex (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) in Korea was conducted to clarify the identity and systematic position of problematic taxa, particularly those commonly recognized as ‘Gom-chwi’. Based on extensive herbarium reviews and micromorphological analyses of stem trichomes using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the complex was confirmed to consist of morphologically and ecologically distinct entities. Ligularia splendens is distinguished from L. fischeri by its later flowering period, uniformly ovate leaflike bracts throughout the synflorescence, and persistent fine arachnoid hairs on the stems. A nomenclatural review revealed that L. euodon Miq. (1867) has priority over Senecio splendens H.Lév. & Vaniot, (1910), the basionym of L. splendens (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Nakai; therefore, L. euodon is recognized as the correct name for this taxon. Furthermore, the original material of L. fischeri var. spiciformis Nakai was found to be a mixed collection comprising both L. fischeri s. str. and L. euodon . To maintain nomenclatural stability, a lectotype is designated for L. fischeri var. spiciformis (Nakai 15777, TI00011066 & TI00011067), effectively placing it in synonymy under L. fischeri . Updated synonymies and taxonomic notes are provided, along with proposed Korean names for the recognized taxa.