A Safe–Connect–Evolve positive psychology-informed support pathway for a university student with prior bullying victimization: a qualitative single-case study in China

Abstract Background Bullying victimization can have psychological and social consequences that persist beyond the original school context and into university. This study examined the longer-term support process of a university student with prior bullying victimization and developed a staged, practice-oriented support framework. Methods This retrospective qualitative single-case study focused on Student Z at University A in China. Existing case materials generated during routine student support between 2024 and 2026 included case conversations and collateral information, observational and support records, psychological assessment summaries, counseling records, and multisystem coordination records. A case-oriented, process-focused analysis examined presenting difficulties, support systems, support activities, and changes over time. Results Student Z’s difficulties after university entry were associated with delayed recognition of earlier bullying, limited emotional support, and fragmented professional support. The case record showed a gradual progression from establishing psychological safety and trust, to rebuilding family, peer, academic, and professional support, and subsequently to greater agency and campus participation. Psychological screening scores for interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and hostility were lower at later assessment points than in October 2024 and remained within the reference range in March 2026. Retrospective synthesis of the case yielded a three-stage Safe–Connect–Evolve pathway. Conclusions The Safe–Connect–Evolve pathway provides a case-derived, practice-oriented framework for organizing support for university students with prior bullying victimization. It should not be regarded as a validated intervention protocol. Further multi-case research using prospectively defined qualitative procedures, standardized outcome measures, and longer-term follow-up is needed to examine its transferability.