A counterexample to two questions on acyclic polynomial roots
The acyclic polynomial of a graph counts its vertex subsets that induce forests, by their cardinality. We give a twelve-vertex graph whose acyclic polynomial has a real root smaller than every real root of the acyclic polynomial of the proposed extremal graph of Barton, Brown and Pike, and whose modulus exceeds that of every complex root of that polynomial. This answers both parts of their question on extremal acyclic roots negatively. Their work supplies the proposed graph, the complement of a four-cycle and a star, and a formula for its quartic polynomial. We replace that star by two three-leaf stars. The resulting polynomial differs only in its cubic coefficient. Exact sign evaluations and the triangle inequality separate the two root sets at radius eighty-six, without numerical root approximations. A Lean formalization proves the coefficient identities from induced-graph acyclicity and derives both failures of the universal assertions. This work has not yet been reviewed by experts. The proofs, the Lean formalization and the text were produced by AI models (from OpenAI and Anthropic), working under the author's direction. Checked in Lean from the definitions; not yet reviewed by experts. Produced by AI models under the author's direction.
Authors
- P. Graham (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8493-1505)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
- Published
- 2026-11-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23862350
- Primary Topic
- Advanced Combinatorial Mathematics
- Type
- preprint