Matter Has Structural Threshold for Division While Photons Can Be Infinitely Divided in Theory

This paper is based on the Theory of Light Origin. It strictly distinguishes two kinds of existence namely matter state and energy state. Their physical properties are completely different and cannot be mixed. Matter particles have exclusive material properties such as mass and volume. Photons belong to energy state. They have no rest mass and no fixed volume and are not matter. Protons and electrons are the only stable matter particles formed by high energy photons through strong force self locking. They are the smallest stable units of the material world. Electrons and protons cannot transform into each other. When external action destroys the closed self locking structure of protons or electrons the steady state of matter particles disappears immediately and they dissociate back into free photons. There are no stable material entities smaller than protons and electrons. Photons are not restricted by closed self locking structures and can be infinitely divided in theory. The fundamental root misunderstanding of existing physical research is the failure to clearly distinguish matter and energy. Photons are often classified into matter. Such research ignores the huge differences between them in basic properties including mass and volume. Then Planck length which comes from the artificial measurement system is wrongly regarded as the inherent division rule of the universe. Planck scale only applies to the deduction of matter particles and spatial geometry in the existing quantum gravity framework and cannot restrict photons. Every emitted photon has definite frequency and energy and is a discrete energy unit. This emission property does not deny the underlying property that photons can be subdivided in theory. Clarifying the conceptual boundary between matter state and energy state and recognizing the difference of their basic physical properties is the foundation to establish an objective understanding of the universe.