Evaluation of performance and emissions of a diesel engine using dual aqueous ammonia -diesel fuel

Abstract The carbon footprint of fossil fuel application is a crucial indicator of the overall quantity of greenhouse gases discharged into the atmosphere. Sustainable replacements, such as aqueous ammonia, are viewed as a good approach to solve the shortage of conventional fuel, low-carbon fuels and address climate change. Emissions and performance of diesel engine running on dual fuel of diesel and aqueous ammonia were investigated. Ammonia and water were combined in volumetric amounts of 5, 10, and 15% to get around these adverse effects. Adding aqueous ammonia of 5, 10 and 15% to diesel boosted brake specific fuel consumption by 4, 7, and 13% at 75% of engine output power. Thermal efficiency of diesel and aqueous ammonia were decreased by 4, 7 and 13% when aqueous ammonia was added by 5, 10 and 15%. Aqueous ammonia of 5%, 10% and 15% demonstrated increases of 17, 32 and 42% in CO emissions about diesel, whereas the decreases in nitrogen oxides were 5, 10 and 15% in relation to diesel, respectively. At 100% of output power, increases in hydrocarbon emissions for 5%, 10%, and 15% aqueous ammonia were 10, 23, and 31% but carbon dioxide values were decreased by 6, 12, and 17% for diesel with aqueous ammonia compared to diesel oil. Increases of oxygen concentrations for 5%, 10% and 15% aqueous ammonia were 6, 8 and 10%, respectively at 75% of output power. Engine performance penalties and emissions issues limit the use of aqueous ammonia, despite its potential as a carbon-reducing supplemental fuel.