Voluntariado en deporte adaptado y formación de estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional: estudio cualitativo

Adapted sport represents a relevant context for promoting participation, social inclusion, and the exercise of rights among people with disabilities, as well as a potential learning environment for future professionals. This study aimed to understand the meanings and perceptions that Occupational Therapy students attribute to their volunteer experiences in adapted sport and their perceived contribution to professional training. A qualitative descriptive-interpretive study was conducted with nine Occupational Therapy student volunteers from a Chilean university through four focus group sessions. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s approach. Four main categories were identified: understanding of adapted sport; the role of the occupational therapist; adapted sport as a facilitator of participation and social inclusion; and academic training and professional competencies. The findings revealed an understanding of adapted sport that extends beyond modifications to rules, equipment, or environments, linking it to participation, autonomy, inclusion, and the exercise of rights. Students also recognized occupational therapists as facilitators of participation, educators, and guides in the adaptation process, and attributed to volunteering opportunities to connect disciplinary knowledge with real-life participation experiences. They also identified gaps in their academic preparation for working in these contexts. These findings support considering supervised and reflective practical experiences related to adapted sport within the training of Occupational Therapy students.