PENGEMBANGAN DAN KARAKTERISASI BERAS ANALOG BERBASIS EKSTRAK PHYSALIS ANGULATA BERDASARKAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KOMPOSISI PROKSIMAT

This study aims to develop and characterize a functional food product in the form of an antioxidant-rich analog rice for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The formulation utilizes local food commodities comprising modified cassava flour (mocaf), purple sweet potato flour, rice bran, and seaweed combined with ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) extract as a source of natural antioxidants. The research procedures involved maceration extraction of ciplukan, analog rice extrusion, antioxidant activity evaluation using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, and proximate composition analysis. Laboratory data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics, calculating mean values, standard deviations, relative percent difference (RPD), and linear regression analysis to determine the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC_50). The results revealed that ciplukan extract exhibited very strong antioxidant activity, with an average IC_50 value of 5.66 mg/L and an RPD precision of 4.4%. Proximate analysis of the analog rice yielded a moisture content of 3.24%, ash content of 7.31%, protein 4.62%, fat 11.32%, and carbohydrates 73.51%. Based on the acquired antioxidant properties and chemical composition, this analog rice demonstrates high potential as an alternative functional staple food to support blood glucose management. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengkarakterisasi produk pangan fungsional berbentuk beras analog kaya antioksidan bagi penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2. Formulasi produk memanfaatkan bahan pangan lokal berupa tepung modified cassava flour (mocaf), tepung ubi jalar ungu, bekatul, dan rumput laut dengan penambahan ekstrak ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Tahapan kerja mencakup ekstraksi maserasi simplisia ciplukan, pencetakan beras analog, pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), serta pengujian komposisi proksimat. Data hasil uji laboratorium dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan pengukuran nilai rata-rata, simpangan baku, relative percent difference (RPD), dan analisis regresi linear untuk penentuan nilai konsentrasi penghambatan 50% (IC_50). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan ekstrak ciplukan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat dengan rata-rata nilai IC_50 sebesar 5,66 mg/L dan presisi RPD sebesar 4,4%. Analisis proksimat produk beras analog menghasilkan kadar air 3,24%, kadar abu 7,31%, protein 4,62%, lemak 11,32%, dan karbohidrat 73,51%. Berdasarkan profil antioksidan dan komposisi kimia yang diperoleh, beras analog ini berpotensi menjadi alternatif pangan pokok fungsional untuk mendukung kestabilan kadar glukosa darah.