The Effectiveness Of Social Support Networks In Promoting Health Among People Living With Albinism In Bukongo, Tanzania

People living with albinism experience interconnected health and social challenges, including vulnerability to ultraviolet radiation, visual impairment, skin damage, limited access to appropriate healthcare, stigma, and discrimination. Social support networks can potentially address these challenges through emotional encouragement, health information, material assistance, and connections to healthcare and community services. This study examined the effectiveness of social support networks in promoting health among people living with albinism in Bukongo Village, Nansio Town, Ukerewe District, Tanzania. The study adopted a qualitative approach and an exploratory case study design. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to identify participants with relevant experiences. The study involved 28 participants comprising adults living with albinism, family members or caregivers, community leaders, healthcare workers, and representatives of support organizations. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions and analysed thematically. Findings indicated that emotional support was provided through family acceptance, spousal relationships, religious participation, peer interaction, and community activities. Instrumental support included protective clothing, skin-care products, health education, skin examinations, cancer screening, and assistance from support organizations. Social support networks also facilitated healthcare access, educational assistance, vocational activities, and community participation. However, stigma, misconceptions, financial constraints, inadequate health information, concerns about healthcare-worker preparedness, and delays in the distribution of protective products remained challenges. The study concludes that social support networks are important resources for promoting health and social inclusion among people living with albinism. Strengthening collaboration among families, healthcare facilities, community organizations, government institutions, and people living with albinism may improve the accessibility, continuity, and appropriateness of health-related support.