Green innovative work behavior: Sequential mediation of workplace happiness and paras paros citizenship behavior

Five-star hotels are increasingly required to promote sustainable practices through green innovative work behavior. This study aims to examine the influence of ambidextrous leadership on green innovative work behavior through a sequential mediation model involving workplace happiness and paras paros citizenship behavior. This study employed a quantitative survey of 412 permanent employees at five-star hotels in Bali Province, and the data were analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 4. The findings indicate that ambidextrous leadership is positively and significantly associated with workplace happiness and paras paros citizenship behavior, but does not have a direct relationship with green innovative work behavior. Workplace happiness significantly enhances both paras paros citizenship behavior and green innovative work behavior, while paras paros citizenship behavior shows the strongest direct effect on green innovative work behavior. More importantly, the results confirm a significant sequential mediation pathway in which ambidextrous leadership enhances workplace happiness, workplace happiness affects paras paros citizenship behavior, and paras paros citizenship behavior subsequently promotes green innovative work behavior. These findings imply that the green innovation of five-star hotels is not only motivated by leadership but also reflected in employees’ positive psychological states and culturally embedded citizenship behavior. The study implies that hotel managers should foster workplace happiness and strengthen local values of harmony, mutual support, and collective responsibility to encourage sustainable innovation.