Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja sebagai Variabel Mediasi: Studi Literatur Sistematis

Purpose– This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance and to analyze the mediating role of work motivation in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance through a systematic literature review approach. Design/methodology– This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The study selected and analyzed 25 scientific articles that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies were conducted across various organizational contexts, including private, public, educational, and healthcare sectors. The articles were analyzed descriptively and comparatively to identify patterns, relationships, and empirical findings regarding transformational leadership, work motivation, and employee performance. Findings - The results indicate that transformational leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, as evidenced by 88% of the reviewed studies. Furthermore, all reviewed articles found that transformational leadership positively influences employees' work motivation. Among studies examining the mediating role of work motivation, most reported that work motivation significantly mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance, either fully or partially. These findings suggest that transformational leadership enhances employee performance not only directly but also indirectly by increasing employees' motivation to work. Variations in the strength of the mediation effect were influenced by organizational characteristics, industrial sectors, and research contexts.