Literal translation as discursive understanding: philosophical and literary approaches

Purpose of research. The purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical justification of literal translation in Fet’s understanding – not as a mechanical transfer of linguistic units, but as an act of deep discursive understanding that requires philosophical reflection and literary intuition. The work attempts to synthesize the philosophical concept of M. Heidegger, which emphasizes the importance of understanding discourse for text interpretation, and the literary practice of A.A. Fet, who defended the principle of literalism in poetic translation. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to revise the traditional opposition between «literal» and «free» translation, which in modern translation studies is increasingly recognized as insufficient and requiring deeper philosophical reflection. Methods. The research is conducted within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach combining methods of philosophical hermeneutics, historical-literary analysis, and linguistic translation theory. The methodology is based on the concept of «understanding discourse» by M. Heidegger as presented in «Being and Time» as well as an analysis of A.A. Fet’s translation heritage, including his theoretical statements on the principles of poetic translation and specific translation decisions recorded