University students' disciplinary perspectives on generative AI after two years of its widespread use

Purpose This study explores how university students use generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) across various disciplines, including STEM, Business, Education Futures, Clinical & Health Sciences (CHS), Creative and Allied Health & Human Performance (AHHP). It aims to identify discipline-based perspectives, perceived benefits, ethical boundaries and the support needs required for responsible use of GenAI tools. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted approximately two years after the widespread use of GenAI, by which time participants were expected to be familiar with its use. Students were categorised based on their discipline, English fluency, mode of learning and level of study. Their responses were analysed to compare usage patterns, satisfaction levels and ethical considerations across disciplines. Findings The results highlight that student perspectives on GenAI tools are discipline-dependent. STEM and Education Futures showed the highest acceptance, while CHS and Business students were more cautious and sceptical about accuracy and ethical issues. Non-native English speakers rated GenAI tools more favourably as aids for writing and comprehension. Novice users expressed enthusiasm, while expert users showed dissatisfaction due to errors and false information. Research limitations/implications The study relied on self-reported perceptions and represents a single institutional context. Broader investigations are recommended, with a particular focus on equity groups such as students with disabilities, low-SES students and remote learners. Practical implications Different approaches were suggested for integrating GenAI into learning. STEM students favoured comparative tasks; CHS recommended support for diagnostic reasoning; Allied Health preferred role-playing simulations; Education Futures highlighted lesson planning; and Business students suggested case-based and productivity uses. Originality/value The study provides cross-disciplinary analyses of GenAI use by students and proposes approaches for ethical and discipline-specific integration into university curricula.