Level of Serum Oxidized LDL and Associated Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) Patients in Bangladesh

Background: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) plays a critical role in atherosclerosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by promoting endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and plaque rupture. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate serum Ox-LDL levels and their associations with major cardiometabolic and sociodemographic risk factors among AMI patients in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 276 AMI patients (aged 31–70 years) admitted to Chittagong Medical College Hospital from July 2018 to June 2019. Serum Ox-LDL was quantified using ELISA, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS v26. Associations were tested using t-tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression, while model performance was evaluated via ROC curve analysis. Results: Elevated Ox-LDL levels were observed in 85.5% of patients, with a significantly higher prevalence among STEMI cases (72.8%, p =0.002). Ox-LDL was strongly associated with smoking (p <0.001), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.001), hypertension (p <0.001), waist circumference (p =0.034), triglycerides (p <0.001), and LDL cholesterol (p =0.001). Smoking (OR ≈ 0.11, p <0.001) and diabetes (OR ≈ 0.28, p =0.013) emerged as independent predictors. The logistic regression model explained 37% of Ox-LDL variance (Nagelkerke R² =0.369) with 88.4% classification accuracy. ROC analysis demonstrated strong discriminative power (AUC =0.842; 95% CI: 0.757–0.928; p <0.001). Conclusion: Elevated Ox-LDL is highly prevalent among Bangladeshi AMI patients and significantly associated with metabolic and lifestyle risk factors. Incorporating Ox-LDL measurement into clinical assessment may improve cardiovascular risk prediction and guide targeted preventive strategies.