Beneath the Surface: Addressing the Ownership and Development Rights of Geothermal Energy Resources Under Oklahoma Property Law

I would like to thank Professor Schremmer for his guidance and expertise regarding the various split-estate legal frameworks across the country and the current classifications for geothermal energy in those frameworks.I also want to thank Blake Wolters and the remaining ONE-J editorial team for their thoughtful feedback and assistance throughout the editing process.Finally, I am especially grateful to my friends and family for their unwavering support and constant encouragement, without them this journey would not have been possible.1. See, e.g., Lori Bird, Andrew Light & Ian Goldsmith, U.S. Clean Power Development Sees Record Progress, As Well As Stronger Headwinds, WORLD RES.INST.https://www.wri.org/insights/clean-energy-progress-united-states(last visited Feb.21, 2025), (providing analysis of recent trends, challenges, and data on clean energy deployment in the U.S.).2. See, e.g., Charity M. Nkinyam et al., Exploring Geothermal Energy as a Sustainable Source of Energy: A Systemic Review, 6 UNCONVENTIONAL RES.100149 (2025) (explaining how geothermal energy has the potential to facilitate the transition to a cleaner and more sustainable form of energy).3. See M.