Efektivitas Pestisida Nabati Lokal terhadap Populasi Hama, Intensitas Serangan Hama, dan Keparahan Penyakit pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food commodity in Indonesia. Pest and disease attacks on rice can reduce yields and quality. The extensive use chemical pesticides leave residues in plants, soil, and water, and harms non-target organisms such as earthworms. Therefore, it’s necessary to develop effective, safe, and environmentally friendly control methods to support sustainable food security. The aim was to to determine the effectiveness of local botanical pesticides against pest populations, pest attack intensity, and disease severity in rice plants. This research was conducted in Talang Jali Village, Kotabumi District, North Lampung Regency. The design used in study was Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 treatments, namely: P1 = Control, P2 = Chemical pesticide (32 ml per 16 L of water), P3 = Local botanical pesticide (400 ml per 16 L of water), repeated 4 times so that there were 12 experimental units. Observations were analyzed using ANOVA ά = 5%, followed by LSD test at the ά = 5% level. The results of observations in the vegetative and generative phases, it can concluded that pesticide treatment has an effect on pest populations, attack intensity, and disease severity in MSP rice plants. In vegetative phase, biopesticides showed better effectiveness in suppressing the intensity of pest attacks and disease severity compared to chemical pesticides and controls. Meanwhile, chemical pesticides were more effective in reducing pest populations in vegetative phase. In the generative phase, biopesticides showed better ability to suppress disease severity compared to other treatments.