Development and pilot implementation of a music and rhythm-based cognitive remediation program for individuals with traumatic brain injury

Background: Cognitive remediation (CR) is an evidence-based intervention method targeting cognitive deficits. CR has shown small to moderate levels of efficacy in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Over the past decade, novel approaches to CR have emerged alongside the growth of scientific evidence. Music-based CR is one such approach that has been gaining significant momentum, with growing neuro-scientific evidence for its benefits in cognitive and emotional recovery after TBI, and systematic studies are gathering in this direction. Aim: To develop ‘CogniTune’, a music and rhythm-based cognitive remediation program for patients with TBI and examine its effectiveness through a preliminary pilot study. Method: The intervention was designed using a theory and evidence-driven approach via stepwise, iterative processes. The tasks developed were validated by experts. The refined intervention was pilot tested on five patients with TBI. Neurocognitive and functional outcomes were assessed both before and after the intervention. Feedback was obtained from patients and their caregivers to understand their experiences and the perceived usefulness of the intervention program. Results: Preliminary findings showed improvement in cognitive function, mood, and quality of life after receiving CogniTune. Patients and caregivers reported positive experiences and perceived the intervention to be beneficial. This pilot study supports our plan to conduct a large-scale study, with control groups, to strengthen the reliability and effectiveness of CogniTune. Conclusion: CogniTune, a novel music and rhythm-based CR program, provides promising results in improving cognitive functions, mood and quality of life in TBI.