Pengaruh Retained Earnings, Debt Capacity, dan Operational Efficiency terhadap Firm Value dengan Macroeconomic Stability sebagai Variabel Moderating pada Perusahaan Food and Beverage yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2021–2025

The objective of this inquiry is to evaluate how corporate value responds to internal financial allocations, borrowing thresholds, and resource utilization, while considering how country-level price stability alters these interactions. The empirical focus centers on the consumer goods sector, specifically food and drink operations, within the Indonesian capital market from 2021 to 2025. Employing a numerical strategy, this framework processes historical information gathered from corporate annual updates and public cost-of-living metrics. A deliberate selection criterion narrowed the scope to half a dozen entities, yielding thirty distinct data points. Market valuation is evaluated through the equity-to-book metric, whereas overall price consistency is measured via the shifting cost of consumer goods. Methodologically, the architecture utilizes longitudinal data systems combined with interactive regression structures. The evidence indicates that corporate wealth appreciation is driven primarily by internal profit accumulation. Conversely, borrowing thresholds, operational speed, and broader monetary environments show no meaningful connection to market worth. Furthermore, wider price stability fails to alter the connections between these internal metrics and market valuation. Ultimately, sector-specific market worth reacts far more to domestic earnings management than to general market price shifts.