Resilience profiles and psychological and sociocultural adaptation among Indonesian sojourners in New Delhi: A cross-sectional study

This quantitative cross-sectional study examined the associations among resilience, psychological adaptation, and sociocultural adaptation among 152 Indonesian sojourners living in New Delhi, India. Participants completed the Sociocultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS), a 15-item Psychological Adaptation Scale (PAS), and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS). Analyses included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, Pearson correlations, K-means cluster analysis, multiple regression, and one-way analysis of variance. Reported Cronbach’s alpha coefficients exceeded .80 for all three measures. Mean scores were 3.42 (SD = 0.68) for sociocultural adaptation, 4.85 (SD = 1.24) for psychological adaptation, and 3.21 (SD = 0.76) for resilience. Resilience was positively associated with psychological adaptation (r = .71, p < .01), while psychological adaptation was positively associated with sociocultural adaptation (r = .62, p < .01). Exploratory K-means analysis identified three cross-sectional resilience profiles: high (38.2%), moderate (46.7%), and low (15.1%), with the moderate-resilience profile representing the largest group. The reported regression analyses also indicated positive associations between resilience and adaptation outcomes, alongside associations involving length of residence and previous international experience. These findings highlight the relevance of resilience to psychological adaptation and the interrelationship between psychological well-being and sociocultural functioning. However, the cross-sectional design precludes causal conclusions and inferences about changes in adaptation over time. The study contributes context-specific evidence to cross-cultural adaptation research and highlights the importance of considering both psychological well-being and sociocultural functioning when developing support for Indonesian sojourners.