Correlation and path analysis for yield and yielding components in Indian mustard (brassica juncea (l.) czer and coss.)

This study evaluated phenotypic and genotypic associations between seed yield and component traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Results revealed that siliquae per plant (rp=0.756,rg=0.826), secondary branches, and plant height were the primary determinants directly enhancing seed yield. Conversely, extended maturity duration and days to 50% flowering promoted vegetative growth while reducing seeds per siliqua. A key trade-off emerged between seed size and seed count. Crucially, oil content showed a strong negative correlation with yield (rg=-0.878). Selection strategies targeting higher siliquae density and optimal branching are recommended for effective yield improvement in mustard breeding.