Sustainable Construction: the Role of Green Building Materials in Modern Architecture

Green building materials (GBMs) play a key role in sustainable construction by reducing environmental impact, improving energy efficiency, and improving indoor air quality. With increasing concerns about resource depletion and climate change, the construction industry is moving towards materials with lower embodied energy, reduced CO emissions, and higher sustainability scores. This study examines various aspects of GBMs, including recycled content, thermal conductivity, environmental impact, and life cycle assessment. Through a comprehensive analysis, this research evaluates the performance of various materials based on key sustainability criteria. Data-driven insights suggest that materials with higher recycled content exhibit improved sustainability scores, while those with lower embodied energy and CO emissions significantly reduce their environmental footprint. In addition, thermal conductivity plays a key role in determining a material’s performance in insulation, which directly impacts energy consumption for heating and cooling. Machine learning techniques including random forest regression, support vector regression, and gradient boosting were used to model and predict the sustainability performance of various GBMs.