Impacto del liderazgo en enfermería en la seguridad del paciente crítico. revisión sistemática.

Nursing leadership in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is fundamental to managing care quality and patient safety. The ICU is a highly complex environment requiring constant vigilance, continuous monitoring, and effective decision-making to care for hemodynamically unstable patients who require vasopressor, inotropic, ventilatory, renal, and metabolic support. This research is a qualitative documentary study with a descriptive-analytical scope; it focuses on analyzing, interpreting, and synthesizing scientific evidence regarding the relationship between transformational nursing leadership and the safety of critically ill patients through a systematic review based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Three leadership styles are identified: transformational, characterized by promoting change and motivating the team; transactional, based on agreements, supervision, rewards, and sanctions; and corrective-avoidant, which involves intervention primarily during crisis situations (Taipe, 2025). The results demonstrate that designing strategies and functional prototypes linked to safety standards contributes to improving the quality of care. Furthermore, Tipan (2025) highlights the importance of establishing quantitative indicators to evaluate the quality of care. Compared to transactional leadership, transformational leadership shows a greater capacity to strengthen staff performance and improve care outcomes.