From Dreams to Debris: Unravelling the Buildability-Constructability Paradox in Building Failures in Ghana

Abstract This research investigates the paradox of buildability and constructability in Ghana’s construction industry and its contribution to frequent building collapses. Using a qualitative study, the research draws insights from in-depth interviews with 15 construction professionals and case studies of previous building collapses. Data were analyzed thematically and organized using the Haddon Matrix to identify causes before, during, and after collapses. Findings reveal serious systemic issues: unprofessional artistry, low-quality materials, inadequate control, and a gap between design and on-site execution. The study also examines the roles of corruption, economic pressures, and inadequate training in contributing to structural failures. The study concludes that technical, regulatory, and socioeconomic factors drive the buildability-constructability paradox in Ghana. Tackling this problem requires stricter enforcement, stakeholder collaboration, and tailored solutions considering local environmental constraints. Recommendations include mandatory inspections, whistleblower protection, early contractor involvement, and integrated project delivery. It also suggests investing in updated vocational training and community participation, as well as using electronic devices to enhance monitoring. This article presents a model linking design quality, construction processes, policy enforcement, and community participation. It is novel in how it contextualizes the buildability-constructability paradox within Ghana’s unique construction landscape. These findings have implications for regulatory reform, education policy, and industry practice across developing construction sectors. The qualitative approach limits the generalizability of the findings, and the small sample size may not capture all viewpoints. The lack of longitudinal data means that the effectiveness of the proposed reforms remains untested; future research should address this gap.