MANIFESTATION OF ECONOMIC-VALUABLE TRAITS OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES UNDER MODERN CLIMATE CHANGE

The scientific publication conducted a study during 2024–2026 on the impact of biostimulants on the formation of yield and quality indicators of winter wheat under climate change conditions. The climatic conditions of the Lubny district over the years of research confirmed the trend towards climate change, which has an impact on the formation of winter wheat productivity (the average annual temperature increased to +9.4°C compared to the base rate of +7.9°C). Spring-summer droughts (especially in 2024) significantly limited the productivity of control variants. However, the use of the studied biostimulants made it possible to effectively level abiotic stress, prolong the operation of the photosynthetic apparatus and stabilize grain filling. According to a set of indicators, the Peremoga Odeska variety showed higher ecological plasticity and adaptability to hydrothermal anomalies compared to the Sonatic variety. On average, over 3 years under control, Peremogha Odeska produced a yield of 5.81 t/ha, grain quality was 780 g/l, protein content - 12.1%, gluten - 26.8%. The Sonatic variety under similar conditions yielded 0.68 t/ha, protein content - 0.3%, gluten - 0.8%. All studied biostimulants had a positive effect on the structure of the endosperm and grain fullness. The maximum effect was provided by the preparation Gumifield: the grain nature increased by 15–22 g/l (up to 790–795 g/l), the vitreousness increased by 12–15% (reaching 78% in the Peremoha Odeska variety), and the mass of 1000 grains increased by 5.6–6.2 g. The second position in terms of efficiency was taken by the amino acid complex Amino Star, while the effect of the preparation Megafol was the least pronounced. Foliar feeding with stimulants activated nitrogen metabolism and re-utilization of substances in the grain. Treatment with the preparation Gumifield provided the maximum content of gluten (29.4% for Peremoha Odeska and 28.6% for Sonatic) and protein (13.4% and 13.0%, respectively), which guarantees the production of grain of high food grades. The drug Amino Star also provided a mathematically reliable increase in grain protein content (+0.6% compared to the control). The highest yield over the years of research was formed by the combination of the Peremoha Odeska variety with the Gumifield biostimulator - 7.70 t/ha on average over three years, with an increase of +1.89 t/ha (in the dry year of 2024, the increase reached a maximum of +2.49 t/ha). For the Sonatic variety, the same drug provided 6.47 t/ha (+1.34 t/ha compared to the control). The use of Amino Star guaranteed the receipt of 7.06 t/ha and 6.02 t/ha, respectively, by variety. The obtained increases are mathematically proven, since they significantly exceed the critical difference indicators for the interaction of AB factors in all years of research.