Influencia del conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos en la prevención del embarazo precoz en adolescentes.

Early pregnancy constitutes a significant public health problem due to its social, educational, and health-related consequences, particularly among adolescents with limited knowledge of sexual health and contraceptive methods. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of knowledge about contraceptive methods on the prevention of early pregnancy among adolescents. A scientific literature review with a systematic descriptive design was conducted by reviewing publications from 2022 to 2026 retrieved from PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, using search terms related to pregnancy, contraceptives, and adolescents. The results showed varying levels of knowledge about contraceptive methods, with high and moderate levels predominating; specifically, 40% of the studies reported a high level of knowledge, 40% a moderate level, and 20% a low level. Furthermore, greater knowledge was associated with better selection, use, and management of contraceptive methods, whereas lack of knowledge and misconceptions were linked to inadequate or inconsistent practices. It is concluded that knowledge about contraceptive methods is a fundamental factor in preventing early pregnancy; therefore, strengthening sexual education may promote responsible behaviors and appropriate decision-making among adolescents.