Análise comparativa entre sistemas convencionais de drenagem urbana e técnicas compensatórias sustentáveis para o controle do escoamento superficial

Urbanization and soil sealing alter the hydrological response of urban areas and increase pressure on drainage networks. This article compares conventional drainage systems and sustainable compensatory techniques in terms of hydraulic function, runoff control, infiltration and storage, applicability, maintenance, costs, and limitations. An applied bibliographic and documentary study was conducted using a qualitative approach and exploratory and descriptive objectives. The analysis covered micro- and macro-drainage devices, permeable pavements, rain gardens, infiltration trenches, and detention and retention facilities. No field measurements, hydraulic simulations, or executive designs were conducted. The findings indicate that conventional networks remain necessary for stormwater collection and conveyance, while compensatory techniques can expand source control and delay runoff. The article concludes that integration of the two approaches should account for local conditions, design requirements, and operation and maintenance capacity.