Beyond Push–Pull Chromophores: Unlocking the Synthetic Potential of Formal [2+2] CA‐RE for Quinolone Annulation

ABSTRACT The donor–acceptor [2+2] cycloaddition–retro‐electrocyclization (CA‐RE) reaction is a cornerstone of push–pull chromophore synthesis, yet its broader potential in synthetic methodology remains largely untapped. Here, we repurpose classical CA‐RE chemistry as a metal‐free annulation strategy by intercepting the formal CA‐RE intermediate through an intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization cascade. Readily available o‐aminophenyl alkynes react with in situ or ex situ generated dicyanoalkenes to afford dicyanovinyl‐substituted dihydroquinolines, which are efficiently converted by sequential oxidation and dehydrogenation into structurally diverse, medicinally important quinolin‐4‐ones. The protocol accommodates hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl substitution patterns while retaining the operational simplicity of classical CA‐RE chemistry. The resulting 4(1H)‐quinolinones provide versatile intermediates for concise access to pharmacologically relevant quinolines through well‐established one‐step transformations. Isolation of a cyclobutene intermediate supports the involvement of the canonical CA‐RE pathway prior to annulation. The synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated by the concise synthesis of the natural product 2‐propyl‐4(1H)‐quinolinone. Beyond providing an efficient route to quinolin‐4‐ones, this work establishes classical donor–acceptor CA‐RE chemistry as a versatile platform for annulation and heterocycle synthesis.

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Journal
Chemistry - A European Journal
Published
2026-10-31
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.71856
Primary Topic
Cyclization and Aryne Chemistry
Type
article
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article

Beyond Push–Pull Chromophores: Unlocking the Synthetic Potential of Formal [2+2] CA‐RE for Quinolone Annulation

Arun Kumar Solanki, Govindasamy Jayamurugan, Kritika Nag, Pooja Das et al.
Chemistry - A European Journal
Cyclization and Aryne Chemistry
article

Beyond Push–Pull Chromophores: Unlocking the Synthetic Potential of Formal [2+2] CA‐RE for Quinolone Annulation

Arun Kumar Solanki, Govindasamy Jayamurugan, Kritika Nag, Pooja Das, Ashish Sharma, Sarita Kumari, Avinash Gupta
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT The donor–acceptor [2+2] cycloaddition–retro‐electrocyclization (CA‐RE) reaction is a cornerstone of push–pull chromophore synthesis, yet its broader potential in synthetic methodology remains largely untapped. Here, we repurpose classical CA‐RE chemistry as a metal‐free annulation strategy by intercepting the formal CA‐RE intermediate through an intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization cascade. Readily available o‐aminophenyl alkynes react with in situ or ex situ generated dicyanoalkenes to afford dicyanovinyl‐substituted dihydroquinolines, which are efficiently converted by sequential oxidation and dehydrogenation into structurally diverse, medicinally important quinolin‐4‐ones. The protocol accommodates hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl substitution patterns while retaining the operational simplicity of classical CA‐RE chemistry. The resulting 4(1H)‐quinolinones provide versatile intermediates for concise access to pharmacologically relevant quinolines through well‐established one‐step transformations. Isolation of a cyclobutene intermediate supports the involvement of the canonical CA‐RE pathway prior to annulation. The synthetic utility of the method is demonstrated by the concise synthesis of the natural product 2‐propyl‐4(1H)‐quinolinone. Beyond providing an efficient route to quinolin‐4‐ones, this work establishes classical donor–acceptor CA‐RE chemistry as a versatile platform for annulation and heterocycle synthesis.

Chemistry - A European Journal
Institute of Nano Science and Technology (IN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 26%
Cyclization and Aryne Chemistry
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