Penerapan Pursed-Lips Breathing dan High Fowler pada Pasien Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Metastasis Paru: Studi Kasus

Background: Stage IV Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) frequently presents with pulmonary metastasis leading to bilateral pleural effusion, which impairs pulmonary ventilation and causes shortness of breath. This condition gives rise to the nursing diagnosis of ineffective breathing pattern. Non-pharmacological interventions such as the Pursed-Lips Breathing (PLB) technique and High Fowler’s position can be employed to help improve ventilation and alleviate dyspnea. Methods: This study utilized a case study design involving a single patient diagnosed with Stage IV Luminal B Invasive Ductal Carcinoma complicated by pulmonary metastasis and bilateral pleural effusion. Interventions consisting of PLB exercises and High Fowler’s positioning were administered over three days, alongside monitoring of respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and patient response. Results: After three days of intervention, the patient continued to report shortness of breath due to disease progression; however, they appeared more comfortable and relaxed, with an improved respiratory rate and stable oxygen saturation maintained via oxygen therapy. Conclusion: The application of the Pursed-Lips Breathing technique and High Fowler’s position helps enhance comfort and alleviate shortness of breath in patients with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma, pulmonary metastasis, and bilateral pleural effusion, serving as part of the nursing interventions for ineffective breathing patterns.