Legal Protection Against Online Fraud in Electronic Transactions

This research is motivated by the increasing number of online fraud cases in electronic transactions, which have caused losses to the public and the challenges facing law enforcement in the digital era. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal perspective on online fraud and the effectiveness of existing regulations in providing legal protection for victims. The method used in this research is a normative legal approach with a statutory approach and literature review, which examines various legal provisions, such as the Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). The findings indicate that Indonesia’s existing legal framework, particularly the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the Criminal Code (KUHP), provides a legal basis for addressing online fraud, but its practical effectiveness remains constrained by difficulties in authenticating digital evidence, limited digital forensic capacity, and insufficient public awareness of transaction security. The analysis further identifies a gap between the availability of legal provisions and their effective implementation. Accordingly, this study recommends strengthening digital evidencehandling procedures, improving law enforcement expertise, enhancing preventive obligations for digital platforms, and expanding public digital literacy programs to improve legal protection for victims of online fraud.