Conventional risk factors and angiographic profile of young patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in comparison with older patients

Background: Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death and have a substantial influence on public health. It has been shown that ischemic heart disease accounts for a larger proportion of deaths among South Asians. Risk factors and angiographic profile differ significantly in young people compared to older patients. The aim of this study was to compare conventional risk factors and angiographic profile between young and older patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, from October 2022 to February 2025. Results: Regarding risk factors for STEMI, Smoking was the most common and significant risk factor in group I patients compared to group II patients (80%vs 62.7%). Compared with group I, group II patients had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension(28%vs14.7%) and diabetes mellitus (34.7%vs 20.0%). In this study, the mean gensini score of the group I patients were less (27.22±21.20) compared with group II (41.52±30.80). Majority of the patients in group I had significant single vessel disease compared to group II (30.7%vs10.7%) (p<0.05). Patient with group II had statistically significant triple vessel disease than group I (40%vs13.3%) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Smoking is an important risk factor for development of ST elevation myocardial infarction in young patients, compared to older patients, where diabetes and hypertension were more significant. Young patients mostly present with SVD compared to older patients where multivessel disease were significantly higher.