DINAMIKA TUTUPAN LAHAN DAN KETERKAITANNYA DENGAN SUHU PERMUKAAN DARATAN (LST) DI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO PERIODE 2005–2025

Land cover changes caused by urbanization and built-up area expansion can affect surface temperature. This study aims to analyze land cover changes and their relationship with Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Sidoarjo Regency from 2005 to 2025. Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery from 2005 and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery from 2015 and 2025 were processed using Google Earth Engine. The analysis employed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and LST. The results show that low vegetation area decreased from 362.69 km² in 2005 to 341.24 km² in 2025, while non-vegetated areas increased from 344.78 km² to 354.00 km². The mean NDBI increased from −0.082 to −0.075. Meanwhile, mean LST increased from 38.35°C in 2005 to 38.82°C in 2015 and 40.15°C in 2025, with a maximum temperature of 47.26°C. Spatially, areas with lower vegetation cover and positive NDBI values tended to have higher LST, while vegetation, agricultural land, ponds, and water bodies were relatively cooler. These findings indicate that decreasing vegetation and expanding non-vegetated and built-up areas coincided with increasing surface temperature in Sidoarjo Regency.