The Crisis of Responsibility in the Age of Algorithms: Constitutional Protection of Citizens Facing Automated Decisions

This paper analyses the constitutional responsibility gap in the era of artificial intelligence. It argues for a limited legal personality for autonomous systems as a mechanism to protect citizens' fundamental rights, based on an empirical study involving the triangulation of responses from six AI systems.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-31
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23842758
Primary Topic
Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
Type
preprint
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preprint

The Crisis of Responsibility in the Age of Algorithms: Constitutional Protection of Citizens Facing Automated Decisions

Robert Williams
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
preprint

The Crisis of Responsibility in the Age of Algorithms: Constitutional Protection of Citizens Facing Automated Decisions

Robert Williams
preprint en

Abstract

This paper analyses the constitutional responsibility gap in the era of artificial intelligence. It argues for a limited legal personality for autonomous systems as a mechanism to protect citizens' fundamental rights, based on an empirical study involving the triangulation of responses from six AI systems.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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The Crisis of Responsibility in the Age of Algorithms: Constitutional Protection of Citizens Facing Automated Decisions — Robert Williams · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS