Developing SMART-EEI with the ADDIE Framework: AI-Assisted E-Book for Export-Import English and 4C Skills in Indonesian Universities

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new possibilities for interactive and professionally relevant English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in Indonesian higher education. However, many Export-Import English resources remain static and provide limited support for authentic trade communication, individualised feedback, competency monitoring, and twenty-first-century skills. This study identified students’ learning needs and industry expectations and translated them into the pedagogical and technological design of Smart English for Export-Import (SMART-EEI). The analysis and design phases of the ADDIE framework were employed with 378 undergraduates from six Indonesian universities, six English lecturers, and five export-import industry stakeholders. Questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis generated quantitative and qualitative data, which were analysed descriptively and thematically. Students prioritised business communication (M = 3.89, SD = 0.21), export-import documentation (M = 3.87, SD = 0.25), and digital trade and AI tools (M = 3.86, SD = 0.24), while industry stakeholders rated business communication (M = 3.95, SD = 0.12) and documentation (M = 3.94, SD = 0.14) highest. These convergent needs informed a design comprising validated multimodal content, competency-based assessment, bounded AI functions, learning analytics, and authentic trade tasks. The five-stage SMART sequence integrates self-directed exploration, multimodal engagement, guided AI practice, reflective improvement, and authentic transfer while operationalising critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity. SMART-EEI thus offers a context-responsive design framework that can strengthen professionally relevant, technology-enhanced ESP and inform adaptable digital learning innovation beyond the Indonesian setting.