PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMANFAATAN PANAS BUMI KAMOJANG DAN DARAJAT: KAJIAN KOMPARATIF

Kamojang and Darajat are vapor-dominated geothermal fields in West Java whose histories illustrate mature steam-resource management. This study compares reservoir characteristics, production management, economic implications, environmental evidence, and utilization without using installed capacity as a proxy for field potential. A structured review assessed publications and official records from 2009 to September 2026. Nineteen eligible sources were classified as operational records, field tests, model results, feasibility studies, or official status. Darajat used peripheral condensate injection and surface-facility debottlenecking to manage pressure decline; its reservoir model projected a decline-rate reduction from 9.3% to 7.6% and deferral of 11 make-up wells. Kamojang combined reinjection, reservoir-model renewal, and well-scale intervention. Environmental performance could not be ranked because studies used different system boundaries and years. Both fields support electricity generation and direct use, while Kamojang also operates a geothermal green hydrogen pilot. The evidence indicates that mature fields require integrated reservoir, well, and surface-facility management. Direct economic and environmental rankings require standardized field-level indicators.