Strong-Field Medium Dynamics and Black Hole Boundaries: A Quantitative Reconstruction of Gravitational Redshift, Gravitational Waves, and Horizon Escape

To address the singularity divergence and infinite redshift problems of general relativity under strong-field horizon conditions, this paper performs a quantitative investigation of strong-field gravitational dynamics and black hole horizons within a unified ontological framework built upon discrete medium and Primordial Motion Energy, denoted W (Wu, 2026, preprint). Gravity is modeled as a continuous directional energy flux supplied by a discrete medium network, rather than geometric spacetime curvature. Even when a macroscopic system is stationary with zero net vector effect, the total magnitude of internal interactions may remain nonvanishing. This work distinguishes the intrinsic propagation speed of light from the medium response speed of macroscopic matter. Derivations for light deflection and gravitational redshift in the weak-field regime are completed under orthogonal and collinear interaction modes. In the strong-field regime, the horizon is interpreted as a phase-transition boundary at which medium impedance reaches its extremum. Calculations show that the limiting fractional energy integral loss for escaping photons converges to . Combined with the relativistic kinetic-energy relation, the threshold escape velocity for massive matter at the horizon is derived as . This model removes gravitational geometric singularities and provides a purely dynamical explanation for black hole jets and ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.