Utilization of Kepler.gl in the Development of a Digital Geography Learning Module on Population Density

Digital learning modules and geospatial visualization have largely been developed separately in geography education, and interactive maps are often embedded as illustrations rather than used as evidence for learning tasks. This study developed a Kepler.gl-integrated digital geography learning module on population density for Grade XI students and evaluated its feasibility and practicality. The ADDIE model was employed. Learning needs were identified through a questionnaire completed by 36 students and an interview with a geography teacher. The module was validated by a content expert and a media expert and then implemented with 111 students in four classes and two geography teachers at a public senior high school in Malang Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected using validation sheets and four-point response questionnaires and were analyzed descriptively. In the module, Kepler.gl maps of district-level population density for 2020, 2023, and a 2025 projection serve as the data source for worksheet tasks in which students classify, compare, and explain density patterns. The module obtained feasibility scores of 95.24% from the content expert and 91.67% from the media expert, and practicality scores of 92.13% from students and 87.50% from teachers, all in the highest category. The module was usable on computers and smartphones, although map loading depended on internet stability and students needed brief orientation. These results indicate expert-rated feasibility and user-perceived practicality. The module's contribution to students' understanding and spatial thinking was not examined and remains a topic for further research.