Multimodal rehabilitation interventions reduce pain in dogs with osteoarthritis, regardless of enrollment in formal in-clinic or outpatient rehabilitation.

Objective: outpatient rehabilitation. Animals and procedure: -test or a Fisher's exact test was used to compare groups, with a statistical significance level of 0.05. Results: = 0.03, respectively). Conclusion and clinical relevance: Owner-perceived pain decreased in all dogs, whether they were enrolled in formal in-clinic rehabilitation or not. This was attributed to customized interventions, including rehabilitation, pain management, and weight management. Our results corroborated reports that multimodal OA management plans, including rehabilitation interventions, ameliorate symptoms of OA in humans. Given the high prevalence of canine OA, this study supported the beneficial effects of multimodal rehabilitation interventions on the well-being of osteoarthritic dogs.