Perceived Social and Environmental Factors and Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health in Individuals with Limited English Proficiency

Abstract: Current research on social and environmental factors affecting health and patient-reported outcomes in adults with limited English proficiency (LEP) is limited. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the All of Us Research Program dataset to examine the association between 13 perceived social and environmental factors and the self-reported physical and mental health of adults with LEP. Participants (N = 1,674) had a mean age of 55.16 years and were primarily Hispanic or Latino and female. In the multivariable models, higher levels of perceived stress (p<.001), greater feelings of loneliness (p = .022), and less neighborhood social cohesion (p = .032) were associated with poorer physical health. Similarly, higher levels of perceived stress (p<.001), greater feelings of loneliness (p<.001), and fewer daily spiritual experiences (p = .018) were associated with poorer mental health. Improving patient-reported outcomes in patients with LEP is critical to promoting health equity.