Evaluation of the Analytical Performance of HPLC Methods for the Detection of Amoxicillin in Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Consumed in Malang City

Amoxicillin is a β-lactam antibiotic whose occurrence in aquaculture products requires attention due to its potential implications for food safety and antimicrobial resistance. Information regarding the presence of amoxicillin in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for consumption remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of a HPLC method for amoxicillin analysis and to apply it as a preliminary detection approach in shrimp consumption samples. Method evaluation was performed based on linearity, accuracy, and precision parameters using amoxicillin standards, followed by application to shrimp samples obtained from Dinoyo Market, Malang City, Indonesia. The results showed that the HPLC method provided a linear response within the tested concentration range with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9864 and demonstrated good analytical system stability based on precision evaluation. Accuracy assessment resulted in an average recovery of 108.562 ± 31.648% with variations among replicates. Sample analysis revealed that one preparation produced a chromatographic response corresponding to the amoxicillin standard, while the other two preparations showed no detectable response. These findings indicate a preliminary indication of amoxicillin presence in the analyzed samples; however, the results cannot yet be used for definitive residue determination. The evaluated HPLC method has potential as an initial screening approach for amoxicillin detection in shrimp products, with further improvement through matrix-based validation and confirmation using more selective analytical methods. The evaluated HPLC method demonstrated a linear response across the tested amoxicillin standard concentration range, and the analytical system proved stable based on precision and accuracy tests. Thus, this HPLC method has the potential to serve as an initial screening approach for amoxicillin in shrimp intended for consumption.