Awareness of emerging technologies in academic library services: Evidence from University librarians in Pakistan

This study examines university librarians’ awareness of emerging technologies in Pakistan, focusing on circulation, technical, instructional, and management services. Using a quantitative survey of 200 librarians, data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA. Results show moderate to high awareness overall, with circulation and management technologies such as RFID, cloud-based systems, and AI applications rated highest. At the same time, instructional tools like VR/AR and gamification were less familiar. Significant differences were observed by university type, experience, and qualification, but not by gender. The study concludes that while librarians are prepared for technology-driven services, gaps remain in instructional innovations.