Laser-assisted remineralization of dental hard tissues: A scoping review

Objective The non-invasive management of early carious lesions has increased the clinical importance of remineralization strategies. This scoping review aims to comprehensively map the laser systems, remineralizing agents, application protocols, and reported efficacy outcomes in laser-assisted remineralization. Data and sources A literature search was conducted on March 15, 2026, in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. English full-text original studies investigating laser-assisted remineralization were screened, and reference lists were hand-searched. The review was conducted in accordance with JBI methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guideline. Study selection A total of 41 studies published between 2016 and 2026 that met the inclusion criteria were included. Peer-reviewed English full-text original studies evaluating laser–agent combinations in in vitro and clinical settings were included, while reviews, case reports, animal studies, and studies with unclear protocols were excluded. Conclusion The effectiveness of laser-assisted remineralization varies depending on the laser type, agent type, and application sequence. CO₂ and Er:YAG lasers were most commonly used in combination with fluoride and CPP-ACP agents. However, the predominance of in vitro studies and methodological heterogeneity may limit the clinical generalizability of the findings.