Developing a Culturally Tailored Parent Intervention for Urban Low-Income Children in China

Purpose: This study developed and piloted a culturally tailored parenting intervention for children in low-income urban families using a multiphase mixed-methods design. Methods: In Study 1, a three-round Delphi survey with 30 experts was conducted to select and refine key components. An intervention manual was developed based on the Delphi findings. In Study 2, a single-arm pilot study involving nine families (children aged 7–9) evaluated the feasibility and preliminary outcomes across three time points, with postintervention qualitative interviews. Results: Eight key components were selected, achieving a 96.3% agreement rate and strong between-round ranking consistency (ρ = 0.87). Satisfaction and feasibility ratings were high. Favorable trends emerged for children’s externalizing and internalizing problems, though internalizing symptoms showed limited improvement rates from pre- to postintervention. Qualitative findings supported enhanced positive parenting, parent–child relationship, and parents’ psychological well-being. Discussion: Findings indicate that the intervention is feasible and shows promise, warranting a larger-scale efficacy trial.