AN UPDATE REVIEW OF THESPENSIA POPULENA AND ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL APPLICATION

Belonging to the Malvaceae family, Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa—frequently referred to as the Portia tree or Indian tulip tree—is a recognized medicinal plant species. family Malvaceae and is widely distributed across tropical and coastal regions. The species of plant boasts a rich heritage of application in time-tested traditional healing systems. for managing various ailments, including dermatological disorders, inflammation, gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatic disorders, wounds, and other inflammatory conditions. Lately, researchers have shown significant interest in studying this species. directed toward T. populnea owing to its diverse phytochemical profile and broad range of reported pharmacological activities. The present review provides an updated and comprehensive assessment of the botanical characteristics, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemical constituents, and pharmacological properties of T. populnea, with particular emphasis on its therapeutic potential and the current state of scientific evidence.Phytochemical investigations of Multiple parts of the plant contain diverse groups of biologically active compounds, such as flavonoids. phenolic compounds, sesquiterpenoids, glycosides, fatty acids, terpenoids, sterols, and other phytoconstituents. Researchers suggest that specific compounds extracted from the plant are responsible for its medicinal properties. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated a broad spectrum of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, anti-colitis, wound-healing, antipsoriatic, neuroprotective, anti-Alzheimer’s, and anticancer effects. Scientific evaluation using both cell cultures and live models supports the historical medicinal uses of T. populnea in controlling inflammatory conditions, pain, gastrointestinal disorders, and wound healing.