Complete mitochondrial genome of six aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Aphids represent an important group within Hemiptera, yet mitochondrial genomic data for this lineage remain relatively scarce. In this study, we newly sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial genomes of six aphid species, all of which contain the canonical set of 37 genes. Among them, two mitochondrial genomes supplement existing NCBI entries with additional validated data, while the other four are reported here for the first time. Evolutionary rate analysis revealed that nad6 exhibited the highest Ka/Ks ratio, whereas cox1 was the most conserved. Nucleotide composition skews varied among different codon positions. Phylogenetic trees reconstructed from a dataset comprising 107 aphid mitochondrial genomes consistently placed all six species with their respective congeners, supporting their taxonomic assignments. Overall, this study contributes six novel mitochondrial genome sequences to the existing genomic resources, providing a valuable reference for future phylogenetic and evolutionary investigations of Aphididae. The phylogenetic analyses presented here are intended to validate the taxonomic assignment of the newly sequenced species and should not be interpreted as resolving deep-level relationships within the family.