Lasiolepiota oinochroa Sysouph. & Yuan S. Liu 2026, sp. nov.

Lasiolepiota oinochroa Sysouph. & Yuan S. Liu sp. nov. Figs 2, 3 Etymology. The specific epithet “oinochroa” is from the Greek “ οινοχρωος ” (oinochroos, meaning “ wine-coloured), because basidiomata are fully covered with wine-coloured shaggy hairs. Holotype. Laos • Vientiane Capital, Xaythany district, Houay Nhang Preserves Forest, 29 July 2016, collected by Phongeun Sysouphanthong (HNL 503339, holotype). Description. Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus 35–65 mm diam., subumbonate to umbonate, expanding to applanate or slightly plano-concave, with straight margin, with an irregular patch at center or umbo, glabrous, persistent, grayish ruby (12 E 5–7) to dark ruby (12 F 4–8), around patch covered with a thick layer of fibrous felt or woolly, very crowded, violet brown (11 F – 8) to dark ruby (12 F 5–8), darker when wet, floccules towards margin, on white to yellowish white background (4–5 A 2); margin with concolorous felt as on surface and exceeding lamellae, with irregular velar remnants or appendiculate, remnants fragile when mature. Lamellae free, remote from stipe, white to yellowish white with age, very crowded, broadly ventricose, up to 6 mm wide, more than 5 series of lamellulae, with concolorous, eroded lamella edge. Stipe 43–80 × 3.5–6.0 mm, cylindrical or slightly wider at base and tapering to apex, with white fibrillose background, white fibrillose from apex to annulus, covered with concolorous fibrous felt as on pileus below annulus down towards base, with white fibrous rhizomorphs. Annulus membranous, hanging down, white on upper side and covered with concolorous fibrous felt as on stipe surface at underside, sometimes fragile or disappearing when mature. Context white and up to 3 mm thick in pileus, in stipe white, hollow, not discoloring, dull white with age. Taste and odor not observed. Spore print white. Basidiospores [75 / 2 / 2] l × w = 4.5–5.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm, al × aw = 4.84 × 3.44 μm, Q = 1.3–1.5, Qav = 1.41, ellipsoid ovoid to amygdaliform in side view, in frontal view ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, slightly thick-walled, dextrinoid, congophilous, cyanophilous in cotton blue, not metachromatic in Cresyl blue. Basidia (n = 20) 12–15 × 5.0–6.0 μm, short clavate, hyaline, 4 - spored, often 2 - spored. Lamella trama regular to slightly irregular. Pleurocystidia absent. Cheilocystidia (n = 20) 10–28 × 6.0–10.0 μm, short clavate to clavate, sometimes fusiform or utriform, hyaline, sometimes branched. Pileus covering complex, made up of interwoven branched and cylindrical hyphae; hyphae (n = 15) 3.0–10 μm wide, terminal elements (n = 20) 55–85 × 3.5–7.5 μm, cylindrical, sometimes with incrusting, often with violet parietal and intracellular pigments. Stipe covering similar to pileus covering. Clamp connections absent. Habitat and distribution. On sandy loam of deciduous forests with mixed tree species. Known from central Laos, and northern Thailand. Additional material examined. Thailand • Chiang Rai province, Muang district, Mae Fah Luang University Campus, 06 August 2019, collected by Yuan S. Liu (STO-2019-398, paratype). Note. Two collections of Lasiolepiota oinochroa were found, one in Laos and one in Thailand. When we compared their morphology and molecular analysis, they were identical (Figs 1, 2, 3). Lepiota fuscovinacea from temperate Europe is closely similar to Lasiolepiota oinochroa by its lilac-grayish to purple pileus and brown to dark-purple fibrillose squamules, but L. fuscovinacea has a trichodermal pileus covering and lacks a glabrous patch at the center of the pileus; furthermore, L. fuscovinacea belongs to Lepiota in Verrucosporaceae (Candusso and Lanzoni 1990; Vellinga 2001; Kalichman et al. 2020). Coniolepiota spongodes (Berk. & Broome) Vellinga is very similar to La. oinochroa by morphology, viz., pileus and stipe are covered with lilac to purple-gray powdery velar warts, white lamellae, thin membranous to cortina-liked annulus; but Co. spongodes is different as it lacks a glabrous patch at the pileus, center, longer basidiospores (4.4–6.4 × 2.7–3.7 μm, Q = 1.4–1.8), the pileus covering is powdery and the velar warts are made up of cylindrical to irregular, branched hyphae (t-shaped or with more side branches, three-dimensional structure) (Vellinga et al. 2011). Mystagaricus brunneolilacinus (Babos) V. Papp, Radnóti & Dima (= Leucoagaricus brunneolilacinus Babos) differs from La. oinochroa by the absence of a glabrous patch at the center of the pileus, covering with brownish lilac to brownish purple-lilac, purplish brown to vinaceous woolly to fibrillose on pileus and stipe (Babos 1980; Radnóti et al. 2025).