Aerodynamic Validation of Vortex Lattice Methods for Forward-Swept Wing Analysis

This paper investigates the aerodynamic accuracy of simulating forward-swept wing (FSW) configurations using the Vortex Lattice Method (VLM). The solver was calibrated against Grumman X-29 flight test data, yielding a post-processed span efficiency of e_corrected = 0.851 (within 2.53% of the NASA reference value). At cruise for a geometrically mirrored aft-swept baseline, this corresponds to an approximate 3.14% reduction in induced drag. Since induced drag comprises approximately 40% of total cruise drag, this yields a net total drag reduction of roughly 1.24%.

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-10-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23793018
Primary Topic
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
Type
preprint
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preprint

Aerodynamic Validation of Vortex Lattice Methods for Forward-Swept Wing Analysis

Andy Zhan
1 links
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
preprint

Aerodynamic Validation of Vortex Lattice Methods for Forward-Swept Wing Analysis

Andy Zhan
preprint en

Abstract

This paper investigates the aerodynamic accuracy of simulating forward-swept wing (FSW) configurations using the Vortex Lattice Method (VLM). The solver was calibrated against Grumman X-29 flight test data, yielding a post-processed span efficiency of e_corrected = 0.851 (within 2.53% of the NASA reference value). At cruise for a geometrically mirrored aft-swept baseline, this corresponds to an approximate 3.14% reduction in induced drag. Since induced drag comprises approximately 40% of total cruise drag, this yields a net total drag reduction of roughly 1.24%.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Aerodynamic Validation of Vortex Lattice Methods for Forward-Swept Wing Analysis — Andy Zhan · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS